IND-RA Robotics Research & Development has been established at its headquarters in Bangalore, INDIA and is led today by the original founding member, Rev. DR. G Lakshmi VaraPrasad Reddy .
Robotics is an interdisciplinary branch of engineering and science that includes mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, computer science, and others. Robotics deals with the design, construction, operation, and use of robots, as well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing.
Mechatronics (Robotics) is a branch of engineering that involves the conception, design, manufacture, and operation of robots. This field overlaps with electronics, computer science, artificial intelligence, mechatronics, nanotechnology and bioengineering.
To integrate electrical and mechanical systems in a single device. Mechatronics is said to be the junction where concepts from mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, and computer science are merged to design, build and operate products.
Mechanical engineers design the robot’s structure, joint mechanisms, bearings, heat transfer characteristics, etc. Electrical engineers take care of the control electronics and power amplifiers, while computer engineers design the robot’s computing hardware. As these types of engineers work together, they build a complete robot.
The electromagnetic field generated when an alternating current is input to an antenna is called an RF field or radio wave. Ranging from a frequency of about 9 kilohertz (kHz) up to thousands of gigahertz (GHz), the RF spectrum is used by many types of everyday devices -- radio, television, cordless and cellular telephones, satellite communication systems, and many measuring and instrumentation systems used in manufacturing.
These devices do their job using circuitry that converts an analog signal (for example, the voice of a radio announcer) into ones and zeroes and then into radio frequency signals that travel through the atmosphere. Conceiving of the recipes -- called algorithms - to find novel solutions to the challenges presented using this circuitry requires a comprehensive understanding of the physical world coupled with imagination and creativity. Design of this type of circuitry is the focus of the IND-RA group.
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Manipulator sensors, actuators and control, linear, non-linear, and force control. Manipulator kinematics: position and orientation, frame assignment, transformations, forward and inverse kinematics. Jacobian: velocities and static forces. Manipulator Kinetics: velocity, acceleration, force. Trajectory generation. Programming languages: manipulator level, task level, and object level.
The theory, design and construction of smart systems; closely coupled and fully integrated products and systems. The synergistic integration of mechanisms, materials, sensors, interfaces, actuators, microcomputers, controllers, and information technology.
The Chemical processing systems is based on the principle of swarm robotics. The inspiration for swarm robotics comes from the behaviour of collective organisms – such as bees or ants – that can perform complex tasks by the combined actions of a large number of relatively simple, identical agents. The main scientific challenge of the project is the design and synthesis of chemical swarm robots, which we envisage as internally structured particulate entities in the 10-100 um size range that can move in their environment, selectively exchange molecules with their surrounding in response to a local change in temperature or concentration, chemically process those molecules and either accumulate or release the product. Such chemically active autonomous entities can be viewed as very simple pre-biotic life forms (“artificial cells”), although without the ability to self-replicate or evolve.
Amongst the most important justifications to use industrial robots may be to put them in the fields where they are shielding people from working in dangerous environments that require the handling of hazardous materials such as explosives, to carcinogens, to radioactive substances. Robots are also completing heavy duty tasks that are repetitive and straining on a human worker.
Industries are beginning to realize how important industrial robots are to conduct these unsafe work duties that would expose workers to dangerous conditions or injuries. Robots are now so important for the use of processes that expose workers to toxic fumes such as painting, coating, fiberglass cutting, deburring and grinding. When workers are too close to these applications, they can inhale harmful fumes or particles that can affect the brain, lungs, eyes and skin. Robots help workers be distances from these harmful materials and substances.
This ensures the safety and health of workers and consequently reduces expenditures on health and medicines.
The quantum phenomena of Nano scale structures can be used to discover and engineer effects that can be usefully employed for high performance computing and telecommunications applications, and for advanced concepts in sensor biophysics devices. Research interests focus on semiconductor physics and modeling of electronic and optoelectronic devices in the Nano scale, low dimensional effects, quantum effects, quantum information processing/computing, molecular electronics, bionics/biological computing, and phonon processes in nanostructures.
Some of the more prominent achievements in this area include: the generalization of electron-optical-phonon interaction Hamiltonians for quantum wells with ternary materials, the derivation and calculation of interaction Hamiltonians and scattering rates by quantized optical and acoustic phonons in quantum wires, and the pioneering study of phonon band engineering and coherent phonon generation for enhanced device performance for both electronic and thermoelectric devices.
In the field of photonics, we at INDRA use photons to process, display, store, and transmit information. In transmitting information, fiber optics is our main focus. In displaying information we are focusing on an active matrix approach that employs a liquid crystal display; such as your flat screen television. Finally in storing information we focus on reading and writing CD's, burning them and playing them.
When selecting a robot for a particular task a number of decisions have to be made. The first of these is the structure of the robot required. There are a number of different structures commonly available and each has its own set of limitations and benefits.
The jointed arm robot closely resembles the human arm. This structure is very flexible and has the ability to reach over obstructions. It can generally achieve any position and orientation within the working envelope in eight different ways. This can cause control problems. When driving these robots in their natural co-ordinate system (joint space) the motion of the robot from one point to another can be difficult to visualise as the robot will move each joint through the minimum angle required. This means that the motion of the tool will not be a straight line. This structure of robots is used for a wide range of applications including paint spraying, arc and spot welding, machine tending, fettling, etc.
SCARA robots are specifically designed for peg board type assembly and are heavily used in the electronics industry. They are very stiff in the vertical direction but have a degree of compliance in the horizontal plane that enables minor errors in placement of components to be accounted for. These robots tend to be fairly small and capable of operating very accurately and at high speed. They are used for assembly, palletisation and machine loading.
Tricept and hexapod robots use linear motors to control the position of the tool. The tricept uses three of these legs in conjunction with a central pillar to hold the head rigidly in position and then has a standard wrist mounted on it to achieve the orientation. A hexapod uses six legs and achieves both position and orientation using them. Both of these structures give very rigid robots but both have the disadvantage of small working envelopes and limited orientation ability. These structures tend to be used for machining operations where machine tool level tolerances are not required but greater flexibility is.
This structure is most often seen in machine tools and co-ordinate measuring machines due to its high rigidity. It produces a robot that is very accurate and repeatable but which lacks flexibility as it cannot reach around objects. These robots are very easy to program and visualise but require a large volume to operate in. They are mainly used for pick and place operations and operations requiring great accuracy. Their linear joints are difficult to seal and this makes them unsuitable for working in damp and dusty environments.
Very similar to the Cartesian co-ordinate robots these robots have good rigidity and are good for jobs requiring straight line moves. Programming them is simple as their motion is easy to visualise and they are good for reaching into cavities which makes them ideal for machine tending. The disadvantages of these robots is their inability to reach around objects and the amount of clearance required behind the robot. The linear joint makes them unsuitable for working in dusty or damp environments as it is difficult to seal.
The polar co-ordinate robot structure was the first one to be used in industry. The main reason for this was that it was ideal for hydraulic drives. Since the advent of all electric robots this structure has been all but replaced by the jointed arm robot but many of the old hydraulic robots are still working well in industry doing spot welding and many other tasks. A notable exception to this is the pendulum robot. This structure is effectively a polar robot hung from a gantry as a pendulum. It produces a very fast accurate robot as the centre of mass is at the centre of rotation of the major joints giving it a small moment of inertia. Pendulum robots are currently used for assembly, welding, gluing etc.
Below are six top uses for robots in the field of medicine today. Telepresence. ... Surgical Assistants. ... Rehabilitation Robots. ... Medical Transportation Robots. ... Sanitation and Disinfection Robots. ... Robotic Prescription Dispensing Systems.
While there are concerns for machines replacing people in the workforce, the benefits are tempting. Imagine how a machine that doesn’t need sleep or food, doesn’t have prejudices that we humans so often have could change the way we treat people who are sick and vulnerable. With some preparation and forethought, we can make sure the human touch stays relevant in medicine while taking advantage of our metallic allies.
Surgery is an unpleasant experience at best. The waiting lists can be long depending on available manpower and resources.The surgeon is in complete control of the system at all times, however as the machine has greater reach and flexibility, smaller incisions made with more precision are enough to access the problem areas.
During a hospital stay patients interact with nurses the most. They draw blood, check your vital signs, check on your condition and take care of your hygiene if needed. They are often overwhelmed by physically and mentally daunting tasks, and the result is often an unpleasant experience for everyone involved. Robotic nurses will help carry this burden in the future. They are designed to be able to carry out repetitive tasks. This way the staff has more energy to deal with issues that require human decision making skills and empathy. Certain robots can even take your blood sample.
But robotics in healthcare is so much more than drawing blood. With a remote controlled robot, such as the ones developed by IND-RA caretakers can interact with their patients, check on their living conditions and the need for further appointments. This would help efficiency a great deal by eliminating the time consuming home visits. Companies producing and the ones maintaining the system will have to make great efforts to alleviate privacy concerns. As with every such device, it must be near impossible to access for non-authorized personnel. With the proper safeguards in place these robots can greatly improve the lives of caretakers and patients alike.
The great thing about robots is that they can be built to be so durable that they can overtake tasks that for humans would be simply too dangerous.
Such solutions not only minimize the risk to human testers, in the long run mechanization of the supply chain makes production cheaper as well. Robots don’t need vacations, to eat or sleep. With a new generation of them more sturdy, agile and flexible than ever they increase productivity in all kind of factories.
As with nurses, pharmacists are burdened with tasks that could be eliminated by utilizing the advancing robotics in healthcare. Heavy lifting, as always, is a big help, but a robot could process information much faster and much more accurately than humans. This way it could make more precise recommendations after sifting through the patient’s available medical data. Pharma dispensers could work as an ATM does, so no matter time of day patients can get access to their prescriptions. If robots were used for such tasks, pharmacists would have the time and the incentive to participate in the social aspect of healing: educate people of preventive measures, give practical advice and therefore make sure that healthcare truly becomes caring.
Certain robot companions can serve as a social partner in order to alleviate loneliness or treat mental health issues. Some of them even have touch sensors, cameras and microphones, thus their owners can get into discussions with them, ask them to find a great concert for that night or just remind them about their medications.
Robotics in healthcare is a big one. It has the potential to do so much good: to bring medical care to regions where even today there is none to be found; to make the production and distribution of pharmaceuticals cheaper and more efficient; to lighten the load of medical professionals; to help people walk again. To reap the benefits and avoid the potential dangers of such a technological revolution we need to keep informed about the strides that science makes so that we can better prepare and adapt to the not-so-distant future where robots play a crucial role and work closely with us.
Robotics is an application of Embedded Systems, robotics or a robot is completely an Embedded Systems. Robotics is actually made of motors. Everything inside robot is motor. To make any kind of moving in your robot, you need to move the motors inside it. Now these all motors has to be controlled by some one. Obviously we cannot control the motors, because if we do that will be called as remote control car which we used to play in our childhood. So here the role of Micro controller(MCU) comes, we program the MCU according to our requirement. Then we connect all the motors to MCU and boom your robot is complete
Modern robotics brings up a variety of new challenges. Industrial-only times are gone forever. Nowadays, by performing many diversified services, robots turned out to be a part of our everyday life. There is no doubt that they should be able to interact with this new miscellaneous environment seamlessly. Along with the number of requirements, the importance of software increases. While gaining more autonomy, besides standard motion control, a wide range of cognitive tasks has to be executed simultaneously. It is quite obvious that complex systems with a lot of independent modules and many functions to perform need flexible and reliable software solutions. Real-Time Operating System as an answer to the problems of the new generation robotics. By comparing selected features, it provides an evaluation of the most popular commercial and non-commercial solutions. Paper describes the key characteristics that should be taken into consideration during the design process and presents several examples of their successful robotic applications, including our own choices for decentralized controllers.
The development of MEMS actuators is rapidly evolving and continuously new progress in terms of efficiency, power and force output is reported. Pneumatic and hydraulic are an interesting class of microactuators that are easily overlooked. Despite the 20 years of research, and hundreds of publications on this topic, these actuators are only popular in microfluidic systems. In other MEMS applications, pneumatic and hydraulic actuators are rare in comparison with electrostatic, thermal or piezo-electric actuators
Robotic process automation (RPA) takes interactions that a human normally has with a computer and automates them with a “robot” – an algorithmic software. The main benefits come from removing the burden of repetitive tasks from people, which results in higher production rates, improved accuracy and quality, and lower cycle times. An example specific to manufacturing is generating automated bills of material (BOM’s) or ingredient lists.
The robot software may be used to complete a transaction, manipulate data, trigger responses and communicate with other digital systems. It most valuable when applied in areas of high volume tasks that are mostly transactional or logic based. You can view more examples of industry specific applications here. The most common ways RPA is applied include:
Process automation – Following the logic of a ruled-based, non-subjective process, this type of automation carry out prescribed functions and scale with demand. Supply chain management, customer service, procurement, data entry, billing, customer service – these are all examples of functions that can benefit from robotic process automation.
IT support and management – automation of simple problem investigation and mangement is the most common application in IT for RPA. Acting as a first service desk, many small, common issues can be solved without human intervention.
Automated assistance – software analyzes language, content, intent and questions and provides answers and guidance back to users in natural language. For example, the “Ask Google” or “Siri” functions on smart phones. This can also be applied in a manufacturing setting, providing troubleshooting and operational controls verbally to machine and manufacturing line operators.
Factory Automation, also known as Industrial Automation, deals with the automation of manufacturing, quality control, and material handling processes. General-purpose controllers for industrial processes can include Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) and/or traditional PC based computers.
Factory Automation includes the integration of systems such as:
IND-RA’s engineers work with you to identify the correct factory automation strategy, whether automating a new manufacturing machine into an existing factory setting or creating a completely new custom machine solution. IND-RA specializes in the design, fabrication, and automation of custom assembly machines and assembly line equipment. IND-RA designs, builds, and automates assembly machines for:
Product development is an interdisciplinary activity requiring contributions from nearly all the functions of a firm; however, three functions are almost always central to a product development project:
The IND-RA marketing function mediates the interactions between the company and its customers. Marketing often facilitates the identification of product opportunities, the definition of market segments, and the identification of customer needs.
The IND-RA design function plays the lead role in defining the physical form of the product to best meet customer needs. In this context, the design function includes engineering design (mechanical, electrical, software, etc.) and industrial design (aesthetics, ergonomics, user interfaces).
The IND-RA manufacturing function is primarily responsible for designing, operating, and coordinating the production system in order to produce the product. Different individuals within these functions often have specific disciplinary training in areas such as market research, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, materials science, or manufacturing operations.
IND-RA Aviation Maintenance has its Base Maintenance facility at its headquarters in Bangalore, in India. The company can handle A Checks, Bridging Checks, Airworthiness Directives, Service Bulletins, Cabin Reconfigurations, Structural Repairs, Modification Programs and Landing Gear Overhauls.
Our facility is capable of servicing all narrow body aircraft types up to Boeing 737 and Airbus A321 in size. Our hangar facility can also deal with Embraer 135, 145, 170 and 190 aircraft as well as all ATR and Bombardier Dash 8 aircraft. For further information, please contact info@ind-ra.com
At IND-RA, we believe that our global experience combined with state-of-the-art technologies and our modular solutions will help you to meet your goals today and tomorrow.
You can rely on IND-RA’s experience to successfully deliver your next project whether it is for a small subassembly cell or a complete Robot.
Contact us now to discuss your Robotic needs info@ind-ra.com